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DANIEL CHAPTER 8

THE DAILY

The Vision of Daniel 8 is given in verses 1-14

The Explanation of the vision is given in verses 15-27

THE VISION CONSISTS OF:

  1. The Ram

  2. The He-Goat

  3. The Little Horn

  4. The Daily

  5. The Transgression of Desolation 

  6. The 2300 days

THE EXPLANATION OF THE VISION:

  1. The Ram is Medo-Persia - v 20

  2. The Rough Goat is Grecia - v 21

  3. The great horn is the first king of Grecia - v 22

  4. Alexander the Great is the first King 

  5. The great horn is broken - v 22. Alexander dies

  6. The Grecian kingdom is divided into 4 - four horns

  7. The Little Horn is the King of fierce countenance v 23

  8. The 2300 days are not explained - v 26

  9. The 2300 days were to be for many days - v 26

  10. The 2300 days were for the "time of the end" - v 17

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QUES: What do the following have in common?

  • The Little Horn

  • The Daily

  • The Transgression of Desolation

  • The King of fierce Countenance

 

ANS: These names and phrases are symbolic of two powers - Pagan Rome and Papal Rome.

  • The Little Horn - First Pagan Rome & then Papal Rome

  • The Daily - Paganism of Pagan Rome & Germanic tribes who conquered Rome

  • The Transgression of Desolation - Papalism, disguised paganism - see "The Two Babylons"

  • The King of fierce Countenance - First Pagan Rome and then Papal Rome

Following the division of Alexander the Great's Grecia into four kingdoms (four horns), there arose in the latter time of those kingdoms a King of fierce countenance whose language the Jews did not understand - see Deut 28:49,50 "King" and "Kingdom" used interchangeably in prophecy - Daniel 7:17,23.  The king of fierce countenance, the Little horn, is Rome in its pagan and papal phases.

 

THE KINGDOMS OF THE VISION ARE AS FOLLOWS:

  • Ram - Medo-Persia

  • Goat - Grecia

  • Little Horn (King of fierce countenance) - Imperial Rome

  • Little Horn (King of fierce countenance) - Papal Rome   

RETURNING TO THE VISION 

The rise of the Little Horn represents both Pagan Rome and Papal Rome.

These powers are referred to later in the Vision as the DAILY and the TRANSGRESSION OF DESOLATION - vs 11, 12 & 13.

NOTE THE RISE OF THE LITTLE HORN AND ITS ACTIONS - VS 9-13

[9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land.

10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them.

11 Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of his sanctuary was cast down.

12 And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practised, and prospered.

13 Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain saint which spake, How long shall be the vision concerning the daily sacrifice, and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?

14 And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.]

  • The Little Horn, Rome, became exceeding great, greater than Medo-Persia and Grecia.

  • The Little Horn conquered toward the south, toward the east & the pleasant land (Israel)

  • Rome ruled over Israel

  • The Little Horn cast down some of the host (God's people cf Dan 7:25) & stamped on them

  • The Little Horn killed Christians (cf stamped cf He-Goat in v 7)

  • Pagan Rome & Papal Rome killed Christians

  • The Little Horn magnified himself against the Prince of the Host who is Jesus.

  • Pagan Rome crucified Jesus, the Prince of the host (God's people)

  • From pagan Rome the DAILY was "taken away" It was "ruwm".

  • "Ruwm" means to lift up, exalt.

  • The paganism of Rome was exalted, lifted up, taken up by Papal Rome.

  • Paganism had to be taken out of the way in order for Papal Rome to manifest

  • The question, How long? in verse 13 concerns two desolating powers

  • The two desolating powers - The DAILY and the TRANSGRESSION OF DESOLATION

  • Rome's 2 phases - The DAILY (Paganism) & the TRANSGRESSION OF DESOLATION (Papalism)

  • These two powers killed Christians and destroyed the sanctuary.

  • Pagan Rome fed Christians to the lions and destroyed the literal sanctuary in 70AD

  • Papal Rome killed Christians and substituted an earthly sanctuary for the heavenly sanctuary 

FIVE VERSES SPEAK OF THE DAILY

  • 8:11 Yea, he magnified [himself] even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily [sacrifice] was taken away, and the place of his sanctuary was cast down.

  • 8:12 And an host was given [him] against the daily [sacrifice] by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practiced, and prospered.

  • 8:13 Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain [saint] which spake, How long [shall be] the vision [concerning] the daily [sacrifice], and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?

  • 11:31 And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily [sacrifice], and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.

  • 12:11 And from the time [that] the daily [sacrifice] shall be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set up, [there shall be] a thousand two hundred and ninety days. 

WHAT IS THE DAILY?

Daniel 8:11 "Yea, he magnified [himself] even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily [sacrifice] was taken away, and the place of his sanctuary was cast down."

  • The great horn, Alexander the Great, is broken when he dies in verse 8.

  • Horns represent kingdoms as in the Ram having 2 horns in verse 3, 20 - the Medes & Persians

  • Hence the great horn while representing Alexander is symbolic of Greece which is broken up.

  • Four other horns arise after Alexander dies - His kingdom is divided by his four generals.

  • At the end time of Greece's 4 divisions, the Little horn / King of fierce countenance arises v 23.

  • The little horn, symbolic of Pagan Rome, is that kingdom which became exceeding great.

  • Pagan Rome conquered Israel, "the pleasant land" in verse 9 or "glorious land" in Daniel 11:16

  • Pagan Rome killed Christians (the host of verse 10)

  • Pagan Rome crucified Christ, the Prince of the Host - verse 11

 

Daniel 8:9-13, which describe the little horn, have unusual gender changes. Nouns (words for objects) in Hebrew have grammatical gender (they are considered to be either masculine (m), feminine (f), or neuter (m or f).  

It is a rule in the many languages that use grammatical gender, that the pronouns (words standing for something) must agree with their antecendant nouns (the thing they stand for) in being similarly masculine, feminine, or neuter e.g. in English we think of a ship (the noun) as feminine and must refer to a ship with the feminine pronoun 'she' and 'her.'

Did the Little horn arise from one of the four horns of Alexander's Empire or from one of the "four winds of heaven", i.e from one of the four directions of the compass?

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Grammatical gender changes favours the little horn emerging from one of the "four winds of heaven", and not from one of the horns of Alexander's empire ruling out Antiochus Epiphanes from the Seleucid line as the little horn of Daniel 8. See footnotes

 

Furthermore: 

  • NO horn ever arose out of or from another horn.

  • All Horns arise from the head of a beast - Daniel 7:20

  • Therefore, Antiochus cannot be the little horn and be one the horns of Greece's four divisions.

  • Hence, the fourth beast of Daniel 7 is here in Daniel 8 with its Little Horn - Rome

Therefore Daniel 8:11 would look like this:

 

Daniel 8:11 "Yea, he [Rome] magnified [himself] even to the prince of the host, [Jesus, Rome crucified Jesus] and by him [or from him, (see the centre margin of the KJV) from Rome]  the daily (sacrifice) [the continual, the word sacrifice is added by the translators]  was taken away, [the Hebrew word "ruwm" means to lift up, exalt or take up] and the place of his [Rome's] sanctuary [city of Rome] was cast down."

Jesus is the Prince of the host.

The prince of the host is the “Prince of princes” (cf. Daniel 8:25)

This term is similar to the “Lord of lords” (Ps 136:3) and the “King of kings” (Rev 19:16). 

Josh 5:14, margin shows the Prince of the host is the Lord. 

It was Pagan Rome that stood up against Christ.

Rome crucified Christ (Acts 4:26-27; Ps 2:1)] 

Papal Rome killed many of God’s people which Christ regards as being done to him (Matt 25:40). Papal Rome has also admitted to having overthrown some of Christ’s teachings.

..and by him (m) [Rome pagan] The margin reads, “from him”, i.e. from Pagan Rome]

the daily [sacrifice] was taken away. Because this chapter mentions many items of the sanctuary (sacrificial animals etc.) some think that the “continual” refers to some aspect of the sanctuary and for this reason most translations add the word “sacrifice” or similar. However, the word sacrifice is not in the original text. The KJV shows this by placing the word "sacrifice" in italics.

 

THE DAILY MEANS THE "CONTINUAL"

 

The "daily" means the "continual."

The words translated “the daily” (Hebrew: hattamid) are elsewhere translated “the continual.” Hattamid signifies something continual without giving us the subject. 

What is the daily (the continual)?

Remember it was from pagan Rome that the Daily was lifted up, exalted, taken up etc - v 11

Recall also that Pagan Rome transitioned to Papal Rome - legs of Iron to feet of iron & clay - Dan 2

Pagan Rome transitioned from the terrible beast to the Little horn of Daniel 7

What was continued in Papal Rome that was taken up from pagan Rome?

The legs of Iron is spiritually the Paganism of Imperial Rome.

This same Iron is continued into the feet of iron & clay of Papal Rome

Hence Papal Rome is the continuation of the Paganism of Imperial Rome with a Christian veneer. 

There the continual is the self exalting spirit of Paganism which was "ruwm"ed by Papal Rome.

Supporting the identification of the DAILY as evil is the fact that Daniel 8 uses the Hebrew, 'gadal', “TO EXALT,” 5 times:

1. First the ram became GREAT (8:4),

2. Second, the goat grew VERY GREAT (8:8),

3. Third, the little horn (masc.) grew EXCEEDINGLY GREAT (8:9),

4. Fourth, the little horn (fem.) EXALTED to heaven (8:9) and

5. Fifth, the little horn (masc.) even EXALTED himself to the Prince of the host (8:11).

THE DAILY IS THE "CONTINUAL"

THE "CONTINUAL" IS "PAGANISM"

 

Hence verse 13 and the question it poses then makes sense about these two destructive powers, first Paganism and then Papalism

 

"Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain saint which spake, How long shall be the vision concerning the daily sacrifice, and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?"

How long shall the sanctuary be trodden underfoot by the DAILY?

How long shall the Host (God's people) be trodden underfoot by the DAILY?

How long shall the sanctuary be trodden underfoot by the transgression of desolation?

How long shall the Host (God's people) be trodden underfoot by the transgression of desolation?

Verse 13 should read as  "...How long shall the vision concerning the Daily (desolation) and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden underfoot?" In other words how long will these two desolating powers, the Daily (Paganism) & the transgression of desolation (Papalism) continue to destroy God's people (the host) and His sanctuary?

  • Pagan Rome destroyed the literal Jewish sanctuary in 70AD

  • Pagan Rome destroyed (trod under foot) God's people. Imperial Rome killed Christians.

  • Papal Rome trod under foot God's sanctuary by substituting an earthly system for sin

  • Papal Rome killed millions of Bible believing Christians during its 1260 year reign - Dark Ages

The spirit of CONTINUAL SELF-EXALTATION is a major theme in Daniel 8, and even his whole book. There is a continual exaltation of kingdoms - The Ram was great, The He-Goat was very great and the Little horn was exceeding great.

 

Dan 8:11. “Even unto the Prince of the Host he exalted himself: and from (marginal reading) him the daily was taken away…” This pagan spirit of self exaltation began in heaven with Lucifer and is manifested in every King / Kingdom of Bible Prophecy.

 

Contrast this with the selflessness and humility of Christ.

THE SELF EXALTATION OF PAGANISM

LUCIFER (the Fallen Angel called Satan)

Isaiah 14:12-14 "How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations! For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north: I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High."

Five times we see Lucifer the fallen angel exalt himself.

1. I will ascend into heaven

2. I will exalt my throne above the stars of God:

3. I will sit also upon the mount.....,

4. I will ascend above the heights of the clouds;

5. I will be like the most High."

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THE SELFLESSNESS OF CHRIST

Philippians 2:5-8

"Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus: Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men:

And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross."

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Five times we see Christ humble himself in the spirit of selflessness.

I. made himself of no reputation,

2. took upon him the form of a servant,

3. made in the likeness of men:

4. being found in fashion as a man,

5. he humbled himself, and became obedient

THE DAILY "TAKEN AWAY"?

The word translated "TAKEN AWAY" in Daniel 8:11 is the Hebrew word. "ruwm", which means to lift up, exalt or take up every other time Daniel used it (Dan 11:12, 36; 12:7). The little horn would TAKE UP, LIFT UP, EXALT the continual (DAILY)

In contrast, the word translated “TAKE AWAY”  in Daniel 11:31; 12:11 is from the Hebrew word "suwr", which means to literally take away. If there is a subtle truth in Daniel’s use of two similar but different words what is it?

Papal Rome by the help of its forces (arms, armies, "an host") TOOK AWAY the supremacy of previous self exalting PAGAN systems (Daniel 11:31; 12:11) while itself TAKING UP the essence of self exaltation of the same powers (Daniel 8:11). Paganism while seen to be vanquished continued on in another form with a Christian veneer to it - Papal Rome.

 

A counterfeit - By His death Christ TOOK AWAY the continual ministry of the Levitical priesthood while TAKING UP the spirit of self-sacrifice into His continual heavenly ministry, so Papal Rome took away previous self-exalting systems of paganism while taking up the same spirit.  Papal Rome is paganism masquerading as Christianity - see "The Two Babylons" at www.returnofelias.org

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FROM WHOM WAS THE DAILY "TAKEN AWAY"?

From whom was the day taken away? From the Prince of the host or from the little horn?

Verse 11 shows that the daily was taken away from the one who had the place of their sanctuary (miqdash) cast down.

verse 11 ...and the place [Heb. makown] of his sanctuary was cast down.

 

Note that THE PLACE of his sanctuary, NOT the sanctuary itself, was cast down.

The word place is from the Hebrew, "makown" 

"MAKOWN" is translated (Strongs Concordance.):

  • place (14)

  • habitation (2)

  • foundations (1)

 

The word sanctuary in verse 11 is from the Hebrew, "miqdash".

The word sanctuary in verse 14 is from the Hebrew, "quodesh"

 

"Miqdash" is consistently used in the Old Testament to refer to earthly sanctuaries, either true or pagan. On the other hand, "quodesh" is used consistently for holy sanctuaries, either the true on earth or the heavenly.

 

Miqdash, NOT qodesh is used in 8:11 indicating an earthly sanctuary, therefore, excluding the possibility that the phrase in 8:11 (“the place of his sanctuary was cast down”) refers to Christ’s heavenly sanctuary.  Miqdash is a cultic term used in a counterfeit cultic setting in the passage in Daniel 8 just like the use of the Ram and He-Goat to represent the pagan powers of

Medo-Persia and Grecia.

 

This confirms that the one who has “the place of his sanctuary” cast down; the one from whom “‘the daily’ is taken away,” cannot be the Prince of the host (Jesus) but must be the pagan Rome power. 

Furthermore the sanctuary being cast down described in Daniel 8:11 is also mentioned again in Daniel 11:31 where the sanctuary is seen to be associated with a fortress - “sanctuary of strength (ma’oz - “fortress”).”

 

Nowhere in the Old Testament is the heavenly sanctuary associated with a fortress which also argues against the sanctuary here being Christ’s heavenly sanctuary. 

The over-arching theme in Daniel 8 is the great controversy between God’s people and the pagan / horn powers of Satan; nevertheless there is a competition between the two phases of Rome.

“Cast down,” Heb. shalak. is translated in the Authorised Version (KJV) - Strong’s Concordance.:

  • cast 77

  • cast out 15

  • cast away 11

  • cast down 11

  • cast forth 4

  • cast off 2

  • adventured 1

  • hurl 1

  • miscellaneous 3

 

The place of his, Rome’s, sanctuary, i.e. the city of Rome, was “cast down,” i.e. given up when Constantine shifted the capital to Constantinople. In this way the old seat of the Ceasars, the city of Rome, was effectively given to the Pope.

 

The place of his sanctuary cast down.

“The removal of the capital of the Empire from Rome to Constantinople in 330AD, left the Western Church, practically free from imperial power, to develop its own form of organisation. The Bishop of Rome, in the SEAT of the Caesars, was now the greatest man in the West and was soon [when the barbarians overran the empire] forced to become the political as well as the spiritual head.” A.C. Flick, The Rise of the Mediaeval Church [1959], p168-169. Emphasis added.

 

“Pagan Rome was remodelled into papal Rome. ‘The PLACE of his sanctuary,’ or worship, the city of Rome, was CAST DOWN. The seat of government was removed by Constantine to Constantinople, A. D. 330. This same transaction is brought to view in Revelation 13: 2, where it is said that the dragon, pagan Rome, gave to the beast, papal Rome, his seat, the city of Rome.” Uriah Smith, Daniel and the Revelation, p. 161.

WHAT IS THE HOST GIVEN AGAINST THE DAILY?

8:12 And an host was given [him] against the daily [sacrifice] by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practiced, and prospered.

verse 12 And an host was given [him] against the daily [sacrifice]...

A “host” is a military force  (See Strongs Concordance) was given to the Little Horn in its Papal form.

 

Daniel 11 repeats this clue identifying this “host” as “arms” or armies.

 

“And ARMS shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily [sacrifice], and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.” Dan 11:31. 

The word “ARMS” is from the Hebrew, "zeroah" which Daniel used in the same chapter to refer to military forces (Dan 11:15; 11:22).  A military host, or arms or armies, was given in support of Papal Rome and this military host took away the daily in Daniel 11.

 

Clovis, king of the Franks, was the first barbarian king to convert to Catholicism. He gave the support of the Franks to the Papacy against all pre-papal forms of pagan self-exaltation. This shows that the daily is something military forces could literally take away (Hebrew word, here is "suwr".

 

verse 12 ...by reason of transgression...

It was through transgression that arms were enabled to support the Little Horn. This was the transgression of uniting the Church with the State power which she used to further her own ends (cf. Rev 17:1-2). The church was to rely on Christ for support, power, and influence. When she turned to the state for these she became an harlot. cf. Rev 17:2.

Papal Rome received support from emperors Zeno & Justinian and king Clovis of the Franks. These “forces” overthrew the self-exalting activity of pagan and Arian forces to establish the papal supremacy.

 

Besides the Franks, the Emperors of Eastern Rome also aided the developing Papal church and helped to  “take away” anti-Papal forms of self-exaltation and set up the Papacy (See on Daniel 11:31; 12:11). 

 

“The thing that hath been, it [is that] which shall be...” Ecc 1:9.

As the Papacy came to power in the past through the transgression of uniting with the State powers so it will be again. See on Revelation 13. 

 

The Franks (French), ONE OF THE TEN horns, gave their support to the Papacy in the past before they destroyed the Papal State in 1798.

Rev 17:12-13 foretells that ALL TEN horns will give their support to the Papacy in the future before all ten destroy her (Rev 17:16).

 

Similar scenes will take place again as the Little horn, Papal Rome helped along by ARMS will be enthroned again.

 

THE CHURCH WILL ONCE AGAIN UNITE WITH THE STATE AND ALL OPPOSITION WILL BE TAKEN AWAY.

The transgression of investing the church with state power resulted in the papal supremacy. So it will be again.

 

To establish the second papal supremacy, the healing of the deadly wound,  ‘Protestant’ U.S.A. and  the 10 horns of Europe will  “give their power and strength to the beast.” (Rev 17:13; Rev 13:15-17). The church will be invested with state power and all opposition to papal supremacy will be overthrown. Even now the collapse of communism and the crushing of Moslem power has begun.

 

An army was given to Papal Rome against the continual self-exalting behaviour manifested by pagan forces. The battle matured during the period of AD 496 to 508. In this time Clovis, the king of the Franks, became the first of the ten horns of Daniel 7, to become Catholic and is called the “Eldest Son of the Church.” He used the sword to expand the power of the Papacy. This culminated in AD 508 with the subjection of the Arborici, the Roman garrisons in the West, Brittany, the Bergundians, and Visigoths. The Arian Visigoths represented the epitome of self-exalting behaviour against God in the view of the Roman church. The “host” was an army, led by Clovis, which united with the church (Papal Rome). This “host” represented a counterfeit army in contrast to the genuine host of heaven mentioned in verses 10 & 13, the saints of the Most High. 

 

ROME CASTS THE TRUTH TO THE GROUND

 

verse 12 ...and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practiced, and prospered.

 

Papal Rome practised and prospered and it cast down the truth by:

  • Claiming to be the mediator between God and men in place of the “ONE mediator... the man Christ Jesus,” (1Tim 2:5).

  • Establishing a counterfeit priestly ministry on earth & counterfeit forgiveness of sin.

  • Claiming to be the dispenser of forgiveness and salvation. 

  • Rejecting many Biblical teachings and introducing many unbiblical teachings such as celibacy, immaculate conception of Mary, prayers for the dead and to the dead and the confessional, etc.

  • Elevated Mary to an unscriptural position.

  • Claiming Mary to be sinless when she herself acknowledged her need of a saviour - Luke 1:47

  • Claiming that Christ took a human nature unlike ours, a sinless human nature.

  • Claiming to have changed the Sabbath to Sunday (cf. Daniel 7:25).

  • Persecuting (trod underfoot v 13) those who held and taught Biblical truth.

  • The Papacy made it illegal for the laity to own a Bible.

  • Made illegal the Bible in the people's common language and burned those Bibles that they confiscated.

ROME'S VIEW OF THE BIBLE

“Socialism, Communism, clandestine societies, Bible societies... PESTS of this sort must be destroyed by all means.” The encyclical Quanta Cura Issued by Pope Pius IX, December 6, 1866

 

“The Bible does not pretend to be a formulary of belief, as in a creed or catechism. There is nowhere in the New Testament a clear, methodical statement of the teaching of Christ” -Question Box, p. 66

 

“The very nature of the Bible ought to prove to any thinking man the impossibility of its being the one safe method to find out what the Savior taught.” Ibid., p. 67

 

“...It was well for Luther that he did not come into the world until a century after the immortal invention of Guttenberg. A hundred years earlier his idea of directing two hundred and fifty million men to read the Bible would have been received with shouts of laughter, and would inevitably have caused his removal from the pulpit of Wittenburg to a hospital for the insane.” -The Faith of Our Fathers, p. 69; see also The Faith of Millions, p. 152

 

“Again it has ever been practically impossible for men, generally, to find out Christ from the Bible only.” - Question Box, p. 70

 

“...The Bible nowhere implies that it is the only source of faith.” -Ibid., p. 77

 

“The Scriptures indeed is a divine book but it is a dead letter, which has to be explained, and cannot exercise the action which the preacher can obtain.” - Our Priesthood, p. 155

 

“...A dead and speechless book.” - Question Box, p. 67

 

“The simple fact is that the Bible, like all dead letters, calls for a living interpreter.” -The Faith of Millions, p. 155 [Note the Holy Spirit is the guide to Scriptures meaning, NOT a priest]

 

“The Bible was not intended to be a textbook of Christian religion.” - Catholic Facts, p. 50

 

“...the origIn of our faith is not the Bible alone, but the Church which gives us both the written and the unwritten word.” The Question Box, Bertrand L. Conway, The Paulist Press, 1903, p 53

 

The Council of Tarragona of 1234, in its second canon, ruled that: "No one may possess the books of the Old and New Testaments in the Romance language, and if anyone possesses them he must turn them over to the local bishop within eight days after promulgation of this decree, so that they may be burned lest, be he a cleric or a layman, he be suspected until he is cleared of all suspicion." - D. Lortsch, Historie de la Bible en France, 1910, p.14.

In 1229 the Council of Toulouse put the Bible on the index of Forbidden books stating, "We prohibit also the permitting of the laity, to have the books of the Old and New Testament, unless any one should wish to have a psalter or breviary for divine service...But we strictly forbid the above mentioned books in the vulgar tongue." (Allix, Ecclesiastical History, II, p. 213).

GOD'S VIEW OF THE BIBLE

  • All necessary things which Jesus did - Acts 1:1-2

  • Certainty of His action and teaching - Luke 1:3-4

  • Life in the name of Jesus - John 20:30-31

  • Instructions to salvation - 2 Tim. 3:15

  • Commands of the Lord - 1 Cor. 14:37

  • The proper conduct for Christians - 1 Tim. 3:14-15

  • Every good work - 2 Tim. 3:16-17

  • Protection against sin - 1 John 2:1

  • An assurance of eternal life - 1 John 5:13

  • Standard by which teachers are tested - Acts 17:11

  • Standard by which we cannot go beyond - 1 Cor. 4:6

  • Blessings from God - Rev. 1:3

  • Joy that is complete - 1 John 1:3-4

  • Standard of judgment - Rev. 20:12

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While the little horn LIFTED UP the daily to itself, it CAST DOWN the truth.

Papal Rome cast down the truth.

“As foretold by prophecy, the papal power CAST DOWN the truth to the ground. The law of God was trampled in the dust, while the traditions and customs of men were EXALTED”. The Great Controversy, p. 65.

 

 

Daniel 8:13 "Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain [saint] which spake, How long [shall be] the vision [concerning] the daily [sacrifice], and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?

 

verse 13 Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain [saint] which spake...

That certain saint which spake is literally “Palmoni” (See margin).

“The Hebrew word, Palmoni, is a contracted word from Pele - wonderful (See Isa 9:6), and Mana - numbered (See Dan 5:25-26) - “Wonderful Numberer.” Christ is the Wonderful numberer and the fact that he gave this prophecy personally shows its great importance. In Daniel 5:26 judgment was pronounced upon Babylon. The implication is that this prophecy concerns judgment because Christ is introduced here as Palmoni, the Wonderful Numberer or Wonderful Judge.

 

verse 13 ...How long [shall be] the vision [concerning] the daily [sacrifice], and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?

The word “vision” here is from the Hebrew "chazown". It was used in verse 1 to describe the entire vision of the Ram, the Goat, the little horn, the daily and the transgression of desolation.

 

TWO DESOLATING POWERS

The "daily" (continual) desolation - Pagan Rome 

The "transgression of desolation" - Papal Rome

 

Note, 

  • These are two evil powers

  • They tread underfoot the host - persecute God's people

  • They tread down the sanctuary - they destroy the sanctuary

  • They are certainly not on God's side.

  • Hence the DAILY cannot refer to Christ's ministry in heaven's sanctuary

  • It cannot refer to any interpretation which appears favourable to God.

  • Some have even interpreted the DAILY as the ten commandments.​

 

The daily - the continual spirit of self-exaltation in its Pagan form of Rome had trodden on God’s Old Testament people and sanctuary.

 

The transgression of desolation - the continual spirit of self exaltation in its Papal form  trod on God’s New Testament people and Christ’s heavenly sanctuary by persecuting God's people and setting up a counterfeit earthly ministry in place of Christ's. 

 

The sanctuary (Heb. Quodesh) in heaven was trodden underfoot in the same way many today can and do trample Jesus underfoot.

 

Paul wrote in Heb 10:29 “Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?" 

 

The word sanctuary here is not the same word for sanctuary in verse 11. Here the word sanctuary is from the Hebrew quodesh, which ALWAYS refers to God’s sanctuary whereas the sanctuary whose “place” was cast down (verse 11) is from the Heb. miqdash which can refer to Pagan sanctuaries. The use of two different words for sanctuary in verses in such close proximity indicates a difference. Likewise verse 11 refers to a host which supports the Little horn whereas verse 13 refers to a different host (God's people) which the Little Horn trod on.

Verse 13 ...to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot? 

Two sanctuaries, two hosts.

Verse 13 refers to GOD’S sanctuary and GOD’S host which were trodden underfoot.

Verse 11 mentions the “PLACE” of another sanctuary being cast down, not a sanctuary being trodden underfoot, and a HOST that was not trodden underfoot but was supporting the Little horn. 

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The question is asked as to how long shall God's people be persecuted and God's sanctuary be trodden underfoot by the “daily,” [desolation] and the “transgression of desolation,” -  two evil powers, Paganism and Popery  both manifesting the spirit of self-exaltation.

 

The answer:  verse 14 - "And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed."

The way the Papacy had judged God’s people would end when the true judgment sat - see Daniel 7. 

 

At the end of the 2300 days God’s sanctuary would be cleansed and this cleansing would conclude in the little horn being destroyed in the flames as shown prophetically in Daniel chapters 2, 7, 8 and 11

 

verse 14  "And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed."

The question was asked on Daniel’s behalf and Palmoni (Christ v 13) directed the answer to Daniel. The fact that Christ Himself gave the answer shows the great importance of this prophetic period.

 

“Unto 2300 days” is the answer to the question, how long the vision and the suffering of God’s people and sanctuary. As the vision began in the days of Medo-Persia and reached all the way to the “time of the end” (v 17) the “2300 days” must be symbolic of a much larger period of time. 

 

Evidently at the end of the 2300 days events were to occur which would lead to the end of suffering and the cleansing of the sanctuary. The sanctuary (Heb. miqdash) to be cleansed is that which the little horn trodden under foot (v 13) - i.e. God’s sanctuary.

What does the cleansing of the sanctuary refer to?

The priests of the sanctuary on earth served “unto the example and shadow of heavenly things.” Heb 8:5. 

The annual cleansing of the earthly sanctuary from the sins that had been confessed into it throughout the year, pointed forward to the cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary.

 

The cleansing of both the earthly & heavenly sanctuaries is plainly taught in Heb 9:23 “[It was] therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens [the earthly sanctuary] should be PURIFIED [CLEANSED] with these [animals blood]; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these [Christ’s blood].

 

The cleansing was not of physical impurity because it was done with blood. It was therefore a cleansing of sin. As the sins of Israel were transferred into the sanctuary throughout the year by the blood of the sacrifices, so the sins of all the professed followers of Christ are transferred to heaven’s sanctuary by the blood of Christ.

 

As the earthly sanctuary was cleansed on the Day of Atonement (Lev 16 & 23) by the removal of the sin by which it had been polluted, so the cleansing of heaven’s sanctuary will be by the removal or blotting out of the sins there recorded. This requires an investigation of the books of record (Dan 7:10) to see who, through repentance of sin and faith in Christ, are entitled to the benefits of Christ’s final Atonement.

 

As those in Israel who were found unfaithful were cut off when the earthly sanctuary was cleansed, so Christians found unfaithful in the investigative judgment will have their names blotted out of the book of life. (See Lev 23:29; Dan 12:1; Rev 3:5). 

The cleansing began at the end of the 2300 days. However, in the explanation that follows Gabriel did not give the start of this period. See the 70 week prophecy of Daniel chapter 9.

PAPAL ROME DESTROYED

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At the end of the 2300 days God’s sanctuary would be cleansed and this cleansing would conclude in the little horn being destroyed in the flames as shown prophetically in Daniel chapters 2, 7, 8 and 11

 

Daniel 2:34  "Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and brake them to pieces."

The feet of Iron & Clay represents Papal Rome. The Stone crushes it & the whole image with it. All kingdoms of the world are destroyed.

Daniel 7:24-26  "But the judgment shall sit, and they shall take away his dominion, to consume and to destroy it unto the end."

The destruction of the little horn power (Papal Rome) of Daniel 7.

Daniel 8:25  "...he shall also stand up against the Prince of princes; but he shall be broken without hand."

The little horn of Daniel 8 representing Rome both Pagan and Papal comes to its end.

Daniel 11:45  "...yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him."  

The King of the North representing Papal Rome comes to his end and none shall help him.

THE DAILY OF DANIEL 11

'suwr' versus 'ruwm'

  • Daniel 11:31 And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily [sacrifice], and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.

  • Daniel 12:11 And from the time [that] the daily [sacrifice] shall be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set up, [there shall be] a thousand two hundred and ninety days. 

Daniel 11:31 And arms shall stand on his part, and they shall pollute the sanctuary of strength, and shall take away the daily [sacrifice], and they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate.

  • The Hebrew word 'suwr' used in Daniel 11:31 means to literally remove or take away.

  • The Hebrew word 'ruwm' translated taken away in Daniel 8:11 is a mistranslation.

  • 'Ruwm' means to take up or exalt 

ARMS SHALL STAND ON HIS PART - Armies aligned itself to Papal Rome 

 

Military forces removed the DAILY to SET UP the Papacy

“Arms” [Heb. zeroah, military forces] took away “the daily” [literally “the continual”]. (cf. Dan 12:11). In this verse the term “take away” is from the Hebrew "suwr" and means “remove” while the thing removed still exists (cf. Gen 38:14; 8:13; Deut 17:20).

 

In Daniel 8:12,  "And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practised, and prospered."

A host (army) or support was given the little horn, Papal Rome, against the DAILY. This Host helped the Papacy to power and it cast the truth to the ground and it practised and prospered.

 

In Daniel 11:31 we see arms supporting the Papacy, the King of the North, in literally taking away (suwr), the DAILY to set up the abomination that maketh Desolate, the Papal System of worship.  

 

The DAILY seen outwardly to be removed (suwr) in Daniel 11 but continuing in the Papal Worship in Daniel 8, Paganism of Imperial Rome while seemingly appearing to have passed on as Rome transitions to Papal Rome but being exalted, lifted up (ruwm) adopted by the latter under the guise of Christianity - the wolf in sheep's clothing.

 

THE ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION OF DANIEL 11

  1. His supporters took away the “daily” (11:31)

  2. “Arms” supported him (11:31)

  3. Destroyed God’s people by sword, flame and captivity (11:32-35)

  4. Had power many ‘days.’ (11:33)

  5. Speaks blasphemes (11:36)

 

THE LITTLE HORN - PAPAL PHASE 

  1. Took away (ruwm) the “daily” (paganism) in other words, took it up (8:11)

  2. “Host” support him (8:12)

  3. Made war upon God’s saints (7:25)

  4. Power for 1260 ‘days.’ (7:25)

  5. Spoke great words against God (7:25)

 

PAPAL ROME 

  1. Papal supporters took away the previous forms of Pagan self-exaltation.

  2. Military support given the Papacy.

  3. Martyred Christians in the Inquisition etc.

  4. Reigned from 538-1798AD.

  5. Claims to have changed God’s law AND ABLE TO FORGIVE SINS. See Catholic Catechisms.

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The Franks (French), under their king Clovis, were the first barbarian nation of Europe to pledge their support to defend and establish the Catholic faith. Their military “arms” overthrew competing forms of self-exaltation, primarily Pagan and Arian and helped “place” (“set up” Dan 12:11 margin) the “abomination that maketh desolate” - the self-exalting church / state power known as the Papacy that kills those when it can whom it perceives as a threat.

 

Antiochus Epiphanes, a Syrian king is NOT the abomination of desolation.

Some claim that the abomination of desolation was the Syrian king, Antiochus Epiphanes. There are many reasons why this is not the case but more importantly because Jesus said “the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel” would appear AFTER His time (Matt 24:15) whereas Antiochus died 164 years BEFORE Christ. 

verse 31 - Arms polluted the sanctuary of strength

The word “sanctuary” is from the Hebrew “miqdash,” which can refer to pagan temples (Isa 16:12; Eze 28:18.)

The word “strength” is from the Hebrew 'maowz', which is repeatedly used to refer to the forts and fortresses, the leading cities, of pagan powers. (See Dan 11:7, 10, 19, 38, 39). The temple of Pagan Rome was polluted by the arms of Papal Rome. 

Incidentally “Rome” in the Greek New Testament is from the Greek “Rhome” and means “STRENGTH.” 

No where in the OT is the heavenly sanctuary associated with ma’oz (a fortress). The sanctuary (miqdash) in 11:31 is clearly used in the context of a military setting along with ma’oz pertaining to pagan military activity. It has been shown that 'miqdash' applies only to earthly sanctuaries of either a pagan or holy variety. Since its use in Daniel 8 is in a counterfeit cultic setting and in 11:31 'miqdash' is used in a military context along with 'ma’oz', we may conclude that the sanctuary in 11:31 is a counterfeit pagan sanctuary fortress.

 

Arms shall stand on his part (Arms (Heb. zeroah) - Military forces).

"Zeroah" is used to refer to military forces in Dan 11:15, 22.  The barbarians, that had established kingdoms in the territory of Western Rome, converted to the Catholic faith. Clovis, king of the Franks (French) was the first to convert in AD496 and he give his military arms to support the Papacy, against their former pagan religion.  Papal Rome received this military host as a result of transgression (Daniel 8:12), by uniting the church with the State. By this act of spiritual fornication the church became a spiritual harlot. (compare Rev 17:1-2).

 

Pollute (Heb. chalal) the sanctuary of strength. The city of Pagan Rome was polluted or defiled by Papal Rome. Pagan places can be profaned.  Of the king of Tyre (who represents Satan) we read, "Thou hast DEFILED (Heb. chalal) thy sanctuaries by the multitude of thine iniquities…" Eze 28:18. Note: These are HIS sanctuaries plural, not God's sanctuary, and they were defiled or polluted. This was not merely attempted. 'Chalal' is used in Scripture as meaning "wounded" Isa. 53:5; "slain" Ezek. 32:26); Begin; Profane or defile.  See Strongs Concordance.

 

Sanctuary of strength.  

  • The word “sanctuary” (Hebrew “miqdash") can refer to pagan temples (Isa 16:12; Eze 28:18). 

  • STRENGTH from the Hebrew 'maoz', refers to fortresses in Daniel 11:31:7, 10, 19, 38, 39.

  • The word “Rome” in the New Testament is from the Greek “Rhome” and means “STRENGTH.”

  • Rome was the iron in the image of Daniel chapter 2.

  • Daniel speaks of "the STRENGTH of the iron." Dan 2:41.

 

Shall take away the daily in order to set up the Abomination that maketh desolate

The daily was taken away by "arms" that is, military forces to set up the Papacy. 

Take away the daily (Heb. suwr), "turn aside, take away"

But the thing still exists, however, not in its original setting or form.

"taken away" in Daniel 8:11 is from the Hebrew ruwm which means "lift up, take up, take away." Arms took away the continual desolation in its pagan form while the spirit was taken up and continued in the the papal form.

 

Abomination that maketh desolate = The Papal power.

It is an abominable system of worship masquerading as Christianity

It is a desolating power in that it is responsible for the slaughter of millions of God's people.

 

In AD508 the turning aside of the daily was finally complete. Now the Papacy would surpass, supercede and transcend that same spirit as manifested by the pagan forces. Between AD508 and AD538 the setting up of the Papacy commenced. The joint action of the union of church and state, first with Clovis (AD496-AD508) and again with emperor Justinian in AD533-AD538 brought Papal Rome to full power.

THE DAILY OF DANIEL 12

Daniel 12:11  "And from the time [that] the daily [sacrifice] shall be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set up, [there shall be] a thousand two hundred and ninety days." 

"The Time of the end" 

Verse 4 of Daniel 12 refers to the “time of the end” mentioned in Daniel 11:35.

Daniel 11:30-35 describes the period of Papal supremacy which lasted “even to the time of the end.”

As the Papal supremacy ended when the Papacy was abolished in 1798, "the time of the end" began in 1798.

 

Since 1798 the book of Daniel has been unsealed, and knowledge of the prophecies has increased. By the increase of knowledge a people will be prepared to stand in the latter days. 

 

The 1290 “days” began at the taking away of the “daily” which occurred BEFORE the time of the end. (compare Daniel 8:11-12, Daniel 11:31). 

 

As the “daily” was taken away BEFORE the time of the end (See Dan 11:31-35), the 1290 began BEFORE the time of the end. i.e. before 1798.

 

As the daily was taken away BEFORE the setting up of Papal Rome, the “abomination that maketh desolate” (Dan 11:31-35), the 1290 began BEFORE 538 when the Papal power was set up.

 

The “daily” that was taken away parallels the “withholder” that Paul spoke of in 2Thess 2.  

The “daily” was taken away to reveal the “abomination that maketh desolation.”

The “withholder” was “taken out of the way” to reveal the “man of sin.”

 

Paul spoke guardedly of a power existing in his day which had to be “TAKEN OUT OF THE WAY” in order to set up the “man of sin” who would sit as lord over God’s church. (read 2Thess 2).

By the MAN of sin we understand the reigning Pope is meant.

What power in Paul’s day withheld the rise of Papal Rome? Answer: Pagan Rome. 

Therefore, Pagan Rome was the “withholder” or the “daily” which had to be “taken away” in order to set up the man of sin.

 

“The withholding power in 2 Thessalonians 2:6 was the Roman Empire. I grant this, for all the ancient writers so speak of it.” John Henry Cardinal Newman (Roman Catholic) (1801-1890), Discussions, p 49.

The “daily” was taken away “TO SET UP” the abomination of desolation - the Papacy (see Daniel 12:11 margin). 

As the 1290 days began with events to SET UP the Papacy, the 1290 “days” would apparently end with the ABOLISHING of the Papacy which occurred in 1798.

 

SETTING UP Papal Rome => 1290 ‘days’ => ABOLISHING the Papacy

 

In order to reach from before the Papacy was set up to its abolition in 1798 the 1290 “days” must here represent years, as they do in many other prophetic periods in Daniel.

See Eze 4:6; Num 14:34 and Christ in Matt 18:21,22 indirectly affirming the year = day for the time prophecies.

By working backward 1290 years from 1798, when the Papacy was abolished, we see that the 1290 must have begun in 508 AD. (508 AD + 1290 years = 1798). 

 

In AD508 “arms” (armies, Clovis, King of the Franks) supporting the Papacy took away anti papal resistance to such an extent that the dominance of the Papacy was assured.

 

verse 12: The 1335 days

Another prophetic time period is given. The faithful would need to “wait” till the end of the 1335.  “Waiteth” indicates that the 1335 extended beyond the end of the 1290. 

 

Like the 1290 the “days” must symbolize years (Eze 4:6; Num 14:34 Matt 18:22). 

 

Beginning with the taking away of the daily in 508AD, the 1335 extended to the year 1843 / 44. In that very year the proclamation was given that “the hour of God’s judgment is come.” See on Revelation 14:7; Daniel 8:14.

 

The fact that the 1290 and 1335 both reach significant events if begun in 508AD helps confirm that 508AD is the correct date for the taking away of the daily.

 

Verse 12 "Blessed is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days." 

Verse 13  But go thou thy way till the end be: for thou shalt rest, and stand in thy lot at the end of the days. 

 

The blessing at the end of the 1335

The end of the 1335 would see a blessing.  

Jesus said to the early church, “blessed [are] your eyes, for they see: and your ears, for they hear.” (Matt 13:16-17).

 

As a revelation of a new truth was a blessing to the early church, so those who witnessed the end of the 1335 were also blessed with the revelation of a new truth. The message that the hour of God’s Judgment had come was first given in 1843-44 (Rev 14:7), and was a blessing to those who saw and proclaimed it (cf. Rev 14:13).

 

“Christ said, “Blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear. For verily I say unto you, That many prophets and righteous men have desired to see those things which ye see, and have not seen them; and to hear those things which ye hear, and have not heard them” [Matt. 13:16, 17]. BLESSED are the eyes which saw the things that were seen in 1843 and 1844.”  E.G. White, Manuscript Release Vol. 21, p437.

 

The end of the prophetic periods

In answer to the question, “How long,” (verse 6) Jesus raised His hands, swore by Him that liveth forever and ever and gave three prophetic periods: 1260, 1290, 1335, and Daniel wrote them in his little book.

 

In Revelation 10 John was permitted to behold the end of these periods. He saw Christ with the little book of Daniel open in one hand, raising the other hand, and swearing by Him that liveth forever and ever that there should be “time no longer.” The parallels show that this refers to the end of the prophetic PERIODS given to Daniel.

 

The time prophecies ended in 1844. 

There are still some prophetic periods to be fulfilled but none give definite dates (eg the 1000 years of Revelation 20; the “one hour” and “one day” of Revelation 16, 17, 18). 

 

The day / year principle still exists. The “day” in which Babylon suffers a famine (Rev 18:8) is obviously symbolic.

The people of God will not have another message which specifies a definite date. 

 

verse 13: Rest and stand in thy lot.

Daniel died and rests in the grave. Today, in his open book, he stands in his lot, bearing his testimony which was opened to our understanding at the end of the days. The days are ended - i.e. the prophetic days are ENDED.

 

In Daniel 8, the DAILY was "taken away" (ruwm) meaning taken up, lifted or exalted by the little horn. Papal Rome exalted / lifted up or took upon itself the Paganism of ROME.  Hence Paganism hidden under the veil of professed Christianity continued in the Papal Worship.  In Daniel 2 we see the transition from ROME to Papal ROME in the legs of Iron representing Imperial ROME to the feet of Iron & Clay representing Papal Rome, a mixing of the Paganism of Imperial Rome with professed Biblical Christianity of Papal Rome.

In Daniel 11, The DAILY was literally taken away (suwr) to establish Papal Rome. Arms or military forces helped establish Papal Rome on its throne thus finishing the transition from Pagan to Papal Rome.

FOOTNOTES

Did the Little Horn arise form one of the horns of Alexander's Empire or from one of the four winds of heaven?

“The English translation, ‘Out of one of them’ . . . obscures and smoothes out the actual Hebrew construction. The sentence actually opens with two prepositional phrases. Translated literally the sentence reads, ‘and from the one from them . . .’, etc. The reason why it is important to notice this literal construction is that it provides a precise parallel to the gender of the elements found in the last phrase of v 8. This can best be shown by transposing the first phrase of v 9 to line up beneath the last phrase of v 8 with these elements in parallel columns. Such a procedure presents the following alignment:

 

Fem.                                                                     Masc.

v8 ‘to the four winds                                          of the heavens’

le arba ruhot                                                       hasamayim

v9 min-ha ahat                                                   mehem

‘from the one                                                      from them’

 

“When this procedure is carried out, it can be seen that the gender of the first two elements in v 9 (‘one/them’) lines up perfectly with the gender of the last two elements at the end of v 8 (‘winds/heavens’).

“In writing his visions Daniel simply broke up the construct chain at the end of v 8 (‘the four winds of the heavens’) and distributed its two elements to two separate prepositional phrases at the beginning of v 9 (‘from the one/from them’). This is not poetic parallelism; it is syntactic parallelism in which the gender of the elements in the second statement parallels the gender of the elements in the first, or preceding, statement. “Thus the antecedent of ‘them’ in the phrase ‘from them’ (v 9), is neither ‘winds’ nor ‘horns,’ but ‘heavens.’ Since ‘heavens’ is masculine by gender and treated as a plural in biblical Hebrew, according to the verbs and adjectives used with it, there is perfect agreement in gender and number with the masculine plural pronoun ‘them.’ It is not necessary to resort to emendations to bring the text into line with one’s preconceptions about where the little horn came from. The feminine ‘one’ of v 9 refers back to the feminine ‘winds’ of v 9. The text discloses the origin clearly enough: it came from one of the four winds of the heavens, that is, from one of the directions of the compass. “From this understanding of the syntax in vs 8-9, it is evident that when the little horn came onto the scene of action, it did not come from the Seleucid horn nor from the other three. In the pictorial vision it is simply seen as coming from one of the compass directions. Thus the syntax of this statement does not support the contention that the little horn developed from the Selucid horn/kingdom.”  William H. Shea, MD, Ph.D., Biblical Research Institute, Selected Studies on Prophetic Interpretation , 1:42–3, emphasis original.

 

In this passage in Hebrew the pronouns for the little horn alternate back and forth from masculine (m) to feminine (f). It appears that as the little horn represents Rome in both its Pagan & Papal phases in verses 9-12, Daniel, through an inspired use of gender, distinguishes between those things done by Pagan Rome & Papal Rome. In verses 9-12 he appears to use the masculine pronouns for Pagan Rome and the feminine for Papal Rome. 

 

 

THE DAILY IS PAGANISM - IT'S SELF EXALTING SPIRIT SEEN IN THE KINGDOMS OF PROPHECY

  • BABYLON

  • MEDO-PERSIA

  • GRECIA

  • ROME

  • PAPAL ROME

  • PROTESTANT ROME

May God bless you as you study into these things.

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